Critical
Aortic Aneurysm
Dangerous bulging of the main artery from the heart
What is it?
An aortic aneurysm is an abnormal bulge in the wall of the aorta — the body's largest artery. The two main types are abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA). If left untreated, a large aneurysm can rupture, causing life-threatening internal bleeding.
Symptoms
- Often no symptoms until rupture
- Deep, constant abdominal pain
- Back or side pain
- Pulsating sensation near the navel
- Sudden severe pain if rupture occurs
Causes & Risk Factors
- Atherosclerosis (hardening of arteries)
- High blood pressure
- Tobacco use
- Genetic conditions (Marfan syndrome)
- Trauma
- Infection (rare)
Diagnosis
Ultrasound is the primary screening tool. CT scan provides detailed imaging for sizing and surgical planning. Most AAAs are found incidentally during exams for other conditions.
Treatment Options
Watchful waiting (small aneurysms)
Blood pressure control
Endovascular Aortic Repair (EVAR)
Open surgical repair
When to Seek Medical Advice
Go to the emergency room immediately if you experience sudden, severe abdominal or back pain — this could indicate a rupturing aneurysm, which is a life-threatening emergency.